# ARCLANDS CORPORATION: business model and financials

> Latest period: FY ending Feb 2026, consolidated, J-GAAP
> Unit: JPY millions
> Sources: 有価証券報告書－第57期(2025/03/01－2026/02/28) (S100Y5KN)
> Page: https://vizora.meequs.com/en/company/arclands
> Retrieved: 2026-09-30T18:13:19.720Z

## Company

Arclands, founded in 1970, is a company in Sporting Goods & Fitness listed on TSE Prime. It has 4,678 employees (consolidated).

| Field | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Legal name | ARCLANDS CORPORATION |
| Ticker | 9842 |
| Stock price | View on Yahoo Finance (https://finance.yahoo.co.jp/quote/9842.T) |
| Listing | TSE Prime |
| Head office | 新潟県三条市上須頃445番地 |
| Representative (per filing) | 代表取締役社長(COO) 佐藤 好文 |
| Founded | Jul 1970 |
| Share capital | ¥6.46B |
| Employees (consolidated) | 4,678 |
| Average salary (parent only) | ¥5.9M |
| Fiscal year end | February |
| Website | www.arclands.co.jp (https://www.arclands.co.jp/) |
| Corporate number | 4110001013829 |
| EDINET | E02706 |
| Industries (Vizora) | Sporting Goods & Fitness, Real Estate Development & Leasing, Home Centers, Fast Food & Quick Service, Specialty Trading & Wholesale, Supermarkets |

> Profile source: annual securities report (S100Y5KN, filed 2026-05-21). As of filing

## Five-axis industry profile

Primary industry: Supermarkets (2026-02-28)

| Axis | Industry percentile | Peers |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue growth | 94.4 | 45 |
| Profitability | 72.4 | 49 |
| Cash conversion | 62.8 | 47 |
| Efficiency | 11.2 | 49 |

Each axis is shown independently. Missing values are labeled unavailable; no combined score is calculated. Industry rank is not an investment recommendation.

## Key points (generated from figures)

- About 77% of Arclands's sales come from Retail Business, with Food Service Business and Real Estate Business making up much of the rest.
- Out of every ¥100 of sales, about ¥4 is left as operating profit.
- Revenue changed +8.0% from the prior year, operating profit -12.5%.

## Company structure

- Segment revenue mix: Retail Business 77.5%、Food Service Business 17.0%、Real Estate Business 4.1%、Wholesale Business 1.1%、Other 0.3%
- Revenue → net income: ¥341141000000 → ¥8133000000
- Net income → operating cash flow: ¥8133000000 → ¥23229000000（difference ¥15096000000）
- Main uses of operating cash flow: CapEx ¥21835000000 / dividends ¥2491000000 / buybacks ¥2000000
- Change in cash: ¥2339000000
Segment shares use total reported segment revenue, which may include inter-segment sales. The cash bridge is operating cash flow minus net income and combines non-cash items and working-capital effects.

## Key figures at a glance

| Metric | Value | Note |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | ¥341.1B |  |
| Operating income | ¥14.2B | Margin 4.2% |
| Net income | ¥8.09B | Margin 2.4% |
| Free cash flow | ¥1.39B |  |
| Largest business | Retail Business | of segment revenue 77.5% |
| Employees (consolidated) | 4,678 |  |
| EPS | ¥100.45 |  |
| Book value per share | ¥2189.62 |  |
| Equity ratio | 36.9% |  |
| Shares outstanding | 64,733,372 |  |
| Treasury shares | 1,910,300 |  |
| Shareholders | 58,253 |  |
| Average salary (parent only) | ¥5.9M | Filing company only |
| Cash ratio | 5.9% | Cash ÷ revenue 6.0% |
| Vs. industry median margin | +0.9 pp | Home Centers |
| ROE | 6.5% | Derived from disclosed figures |
| ROA | 2.4% | Derived from disclosed figures |

## Notable figures

- FY2026, operating cash flow is 2.9× net income
- FY2026, segment profit share differs by -45 points
- FY2026, parent-company salary changed +31% over five years

## What changed in 5 years

| Metric | FY ending Feb 2021 | FY ending Feb 2026 | Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | ¥178575000000 | ¥341141000000 | +91.0% |
| Operating income | ¥16116000000 | ¥14196000000 | -11.9% |
| Operating margin | 9.0% | 4.2% | -4.9 pp |
| Employees | 3,279 people | 4,678 people | +42.7% |
| Cash and equivalents | ¥25605000000 | ¥20384000000 | -20.4% |

### Change in segment revenue mix

Span: FY ending Feb 2021 → FY ending Feb 2026. Stable segment keys are connected; unmatched shares are marked as new or reorganized. Shares use total segment revenue.

| Flow | Revenue share |
| --- | ---: |
| 小売事業 → 小売事業 | 71.9% |
| 卸売事業 → 卸売事業 | 1.1% |
| 卸売事業 → 事業再編・廃止 | 3.0% |
| 外食事業 → 外食事業 | 17.0% |
| 外食事業 → 事業再編・廃止 | 4.0% |
| 不動産事業 → 不動産事業 | 2.6% |
| その他 → その他 | 0.3% |
| その他 → 事業再編・廃止 | 0.1% |
| 新設・再編 → 小売事業 | 5.5% |
| 新設・再編 → 不動産事業 | 1.5% |

Segment revenue source references: 10 (derived)

## Business growth × margin

X-axis: segment revenue CAGR. Y-axis: latest operating margin. Bubble size: latest revenue. CAGR requires at least two comparable years.

| Segment | CAGR span | Revenue CAGR | Latest revenue | Operating margin | Source refs |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Retail Business | 5 years | +15.9% | ¥276722000000 | 1.6% | 2 |
| Food Service Business | 5 years | +9.5% | ¥60793000000 | 8.8% | 2 |
| Real Estate Business | 5 years | +25.5% | ¥14631000000 | 24.7% | 2 |
| Wholesale Business | 5 years | -12.2% | ¥3891000000 | 12.2% | 2 |
| Other | 5 years | +9.7% | ¥1127000000 | 9.6% | 2 |

## Income statement（FY ending Feb 2026, consolidated, J-GAAP）

| Item | Amount (JPY mn) | % of revenue | Source |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | 341,141 | 100.0% | S100Y5KN |
| Cost of revenue | 211,160 | 61.9% | S100Y5KN |
| Gross profit | 129,980 | 38.1% | S100Y5KN |
| SG&A | 131,809 | 38.6% | S100Y5KN |
| Operating income | 14,196 | 4.2% | S100Y5KN |
| Ordinary income | 13,845 | 4.1% | S100Y5KN |
| Pretax income | 13,735 | 4.0% | S100Y5KN |
| Income tax | 5,601 | 1.6% | S100Y5KN |
| Net income | 8,133 | 2.4% | S100Y5KN |
| Net income attributable to owners | 8,088 | 2.4% | S100Y5KN |

## Per ¥100 of revenue（FY ending Feb 2026）

| Part | JPY |
| --- | ---: |
| Cost of revenue | 62 |
| SG&A | 39 |
| Other operating | -5 |
| Operating income | 4 |
| (Ref.) Net income | 2 |

### Margin funnel

Gross margin 38.1% → Operating margin 4.2% → Net margin 2.4%
Derived from reported figures (DERIVED).

## Revenue and profit pattern

Pattern: Revenue up, profit down
Revenue growth: +8.0%; Core profit growth: -12.5%
Growth quality: revenue-led
Operating leverage (core profit growth ÷ revenue growth): -1.56×
Calculated from comparable annual consolidated filings.

## Year over year（FY ending Feb 2025 → FY ending Feb 2026、JPY mn）

| Metric | Prior | Current | Change | % change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | 315,727 | 341,141 | 25,414 | +8.0% |
| Gross profit | 118,432 | 129,980 | 11,548 | +9.8% |
| Operating income | 16,231 | 14,196 | -2,035 | -12.5% |
| Net income attributable to owners | 10,126 | 8,088 | -2,038 | -20.1% |
| Operating cash flow | 31,011 | 23,229 | -7,782 | -25.1% |
| Free cash flow | 13,486 | 1,394 | -12,092 | -89.7% |

## History（JPY mn）

| Period | Revenue | Op. income | Op. margin | Net income | Op. CF | FCF | Source |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| FY ending Feb 2020 | 109,483 | 9,575 | 8.7% | 4,846 | 8,487 | 1,453 | S100MMGK |
| FY ending Feb 2021 | 178,575 | 16,116 | 9.0% | 8,725 | 6,525 | -312 | S100O4DZ |
| FY ending Feb 2022 | 357,190 | 20,919 | 5.9% | 16,393 | 27,960 | -13,822 | S100QU7M |
| FY ending Feb 2023 | 313,487 | 18,911 | 6.0% | 9,663 | 20,497 | 1,338 | S100TJHP |
| FY ending Feb 2024 | 310,697 | 16,113 | 5.2% | 9,125 | 16,794 | 849 | S100VUIS |
| FY ending Feb 2025 | 315,727 | 16,231 | 5.1% | 10,126 | 31,011 | 13,486 | S100Y5KN |
| FY ending Feb 2026 | 341,141 | 14,196 | 4.2% | 8,088 | 23,229 | 1,394 | S100Y5KN |

## People and productivity（FY ending Feb 2026, consolidated, J-GAAP）

| Metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Revenue per employee (consolidated) | ¥72.9M |
| Operating income per employee (consolidated) | ¥3M |
| Net income per employee (consolidated) | ¥1.7M |

Employees, revenue and profit are consolidated. Average annual salary is a separate parent-company figure. Calculated from disclosed figures (DERIVED).

| History | FY ending Feb 2022 | FY ending Feb 2023 | FY ending Feb 2024 | FY ending Feb 2025 | FY ending Feb 2026 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Employees (consolidated) | 3,166 | 3,699 | 3,476 | 3,762 | 4,678 |
| Average salary (parent company) | ¥4.5M | ¥5.7M | ¥5.8M | ¥5.7M | ¥5.9M |
| Average age (parent company) | 37.6 years | 40.6 years | 40.2 years | 40.5 years | 41.1 years |
| Average tenure (parent company) | 12.7 years | 12.0 years | 12.8 years | 13.3 years | 13.3 years |

Year over year: Employees (consolidated) +24.3% · Revenue (consolidated) +8.0%

## Segments（FY ending Feb 2026, consolidated, J-GAAP、JPY mn）

| Segment | Revenue | Share | Op. income | Op. margin |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Retail Business | 276,722 | 77.5% | 4,496 | 1.6% |
| Wholesale Business | 3,891 | 1.1% | 474 | 12.2% |
| Food Service Business | 60,793 | 17.0% | 5,342 | 8.8% |
| Real Estate Business | 14,631 | 4.1% | 3,609 | 24.7% |
| Other | 1,127 | 0.3% | 108 | 9.6% |

### segmentMix — Revenue and profit mix

Calculated from disclosed figures (DERIVED). Shares use total segment revenue and total positive segment profit respectively. Difference = profit share − revenue share (pt). Inter-segment sales may prevent reconciliation to company revenue.

| Segment | Revenue share | Profit share | Difference (pt) | Margin |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Retail Business | 77.5% | 32.0% | -45.4 | 1.6% |
| Wholesale Business | 1.1% | 3.4% | 2.3 | 12.2% |
| Food Service Business | 17.0% | 38.1% | 21.1 | 8.8% |
| Real Estate Business | 4.1% | 25.7% | 21.6 | 24.7% |
| Other | 0.3% | 0.8% | 0.5 | 9.6% |

Segment → industry: Other → Sporting Goods & Fitness / Real Estate Business → Real Estate Development & Leasing / Retail Business → Home Centers / Food Service Business → Fast Food & Quick Service / Wholesale Business → Specialty Trading & Wholesale / Retail Business → Supermarkets

## Revenue by geography

No geographic revenue breakdown was disclosed.

## Cash flow（FY ending Feb 2026, consolidated, J-GAAP）

| Item | Amount (JPY mn) | % of revenue | Source |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Operating cash flow | 23,229 | 6.8% | S100Y5KN |
| Capital expenditure | 21,835 | 6.4% | S100Y5KN |
| Free cash flow | 1,394 | 0.4% | 算出 |
| Investing cash flow | -7,215 | -2.1% | S100Y5KN |
| Financing cash flow | -13,672 | -4.0% | S100Y5KN |
| Dividends paid | 2,491 | 0.7% | S100Y5KN |
| Share buyback | 2 | 0.0% | S100Y5KN |
| Change in cash | 2,339 | 0.7% | S100Y5KN |
| Cash and equivalents | 20,384 | 6.0% | S100Y5KN |

## Balance sheet

Figures are as of each fiscal year end. Derived values are marked as such in the source column. Lease liabilities are excluded from interest-bearing debt.

| Metric | FY ending Feb 2022 | FY ending Feb 2023 | FY ending Feb 2024 | FY ending Feb 2025 | FY ending Feb 2026 | Source |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Cash and equivalents | 30,353 | 23,818 | 18,313 | 18,044 | 20,384 | S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Total assets | 371,769 | 361,925 | 350,721 | 334,645 | 346,213 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Net assets | 107,403 | 116,570 | 116,810 | 121,467 | 128,357 | S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Share capital | 6,462 | 6,462 | 6,462 | 6,462 | 6,462 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Trade receivables | 8,687 | 9,562 | 9,560 | 10,912 | 14,947 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Property, plant and equipment | 201,292 | 197,999 | 194,618 | 185,189 | 177,369 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Intangible assets excluding goodwill | 36,878 | 34,178 | 32,443 | 30,821 | 36,098 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Goodwill | 20,452 | 18,843 | 17,308 | 16,096 | 17,865 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Investment securities | 9,200 | 10,084 | 12,051 | 2,785 | 3,272 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Current assets | 96,992 | 92,711 | 85,441 | 87,237 | 98,195 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Current liabilities | 147,061 | 108,703 | 96,908 | 120,491 | 122,169 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Short-term borrowings | 56,100 | 40,100 | 34,000 | 28,800 | 36,655 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Long-term borrowings | 56,500 | 79,500 | 84,881 | 42,014 | 46,052 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Bonds | 2,109 | 100 | 100 | — | — | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS |
| Interest-bearing debt | 114,709 | 119,700 | 118,981 | — | — | 算出 |
| Total liabilities | 264,366 | 245,355 | 233,911 | 213,178 | 217,855 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Non-controlling interests | 10,593 | 11,470 | 534 | 607 | 659 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Equity attributable to owners of parent | 95,235 | 103,119 | 113,034 | 120,784 | 127,329 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Retained earnings | 83,139 | 91,022 | 98,518 | 106,285 | 111,831 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |
| Treasury stock | -641 | -641 | -3,258 | -3,276 | -2,571 | S100QU7M, S100TJHP, S100VUIS, S100Y5KN |

### Assets and funding mix

| Assets | Share | Source |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Cash | 6% | S100Y5KN |
| Receivables | 4% | S100Y5KN |
| Property, plant and equipment | 51% | S100Y5KN |
| Intangibles and goodwill | 16% | S100Y5KN |
| Investment securities | 1% | S100Y5KN |
| Other assets | 22% | S100Y5KN |

| Funding source | Share | Source |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Other liabilities | 63% | S100Y5KN |
| Equity | 37% | S100Y5KN |
| Other liabilities | 0% | S100Y5KN |

### Balance sheet history

| Metric | FY ending Feb 2022 | FY ending Feb 2023 | FY ending Feb 2024 | FY ending Feb 2025 | FY ending Feb 2026 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Total assets | 371,769 | 361,925 | 350,721 | 334,645 | 346,213 |
| Equity | 107,403 | 116,570 | 116,810 | 121,467 | 128,357 |
| Interest-bearing debt | 114,709 | 119,700 | 118,981 | — | — |
| Cash | 30,353 | 23,818 | 18,313 | 18,044 | 20,384 |

## Asset intensity and goodwill

Ratios are derived from reported values. Goodwill is used only when separately reported, never inferred from combined intangible assets.

| Metric | Value | Sources |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Asset intensity (fixed assets ÷ revenue) | 52.0% | S100Y5KN |
| Fixed assets ÷ total assets | 51.2% | S100Y5KN |
| Goodwill ÷ parent equity | 14.0% | S100Y5KN |

Goodwill over 4 years: 20,452 → 17,865 JPY; total investing cash flow: -41,749 JPY. This does not imply causation.

### Cash quality

Net cash = cash − interest-bearing debt. Net debt ratio = (interest-bearing debt − cash) ÷ positive operating cash flow. Omit when debt components are incomplete; other ratios are derived from reported figures.

| Metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Cash ratio (cash ÷ total assets) | 5.9% |
| Cash ÷ revenue | 6.0% |
| Net cash (cash − interest-bearing debt) | — |
| Net debt ÷ operating cash flow | — |
| Cash conversion (operating CF ÷ operating income) | 163.6% |
| Cash vs. profit gap | 15,141 JPY mn (of net income 187.2%) |
| Shareholder returns / net income | 30.8% |
| Shareholder returns / FCF | 178.8% |
| Shareholder payments — dividends / net income | 30.8% |
| Shareholder payments — dividends / FCF | 178.7% |
| CapEx intensity (capex ÷ revenue) | 6.4% |
| Investing CF relative to operating CF | 31.1% |

## ROA and ROE

ROE is decomposed into net margin × asset turnover × financial leverage. Leverage can raise ROE, so the ratio alone does not assess a company's condition. Ending balances are used without a prior year; total equity approximates parent equity when unavailable.

| Period | Net margin | Asset turnover | ROA | Financial leverage | ROE | Sources |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 2022 | 4.6% | 0.96× | 4.4% | 3.90× | 17.2% | S100QU7M |
| 2023 | 3.1% | 0.85× | 2.6% | 3.70× | 9.7% | S100TJHP |
| 2024 | 2.9% | 0.87× | 2.6% | 3.30× | 8.4% | S100VUIS |
| 2025 | 3.2% | 0.92× | 3.0% | 2.93× | 8.7% | S100Y5KN |
| 2026 | 2.4% | 1.00× | 2.4% | 2.74× | 6.5% | S100Y5KN |

## Ownership

| Counterparty | Relation | Ratio | As of |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 日本マスタートラスト信託銀行株式会社（信託口） | Major shareholder | 9.0% | 2026-02-28 |
| 有限会社武蔵 | Major shareholder | 6.1% | 2026-02-28 |
| 株式会社日本カストディ銀行（信託口） | Major shareholder | 3.9% | 2026-02-28 |
| アークランズ取引先持株会 | Major shareholder | 3.5% | 2026-02-28 |
| 坂本 勝司 | Major shareholder | 2.4% | 2026-02-28 |
| アークランズ従業員持株会 | Major shareholder | 2.2% | 2026-02-28 |
| ステート ストリート バンク アンド トラスト カンパニー ５０５２２３ （常任代理人 株式会社みずほ銀行 決済営業部） | Major shareholder | 2.0% | 2026-02-28 |
| 坂本 晴彦 | Major shareholder | 2.0% | 2026-02-28 |
| 坂本 洋司 | Major shareholder | 1.6% | 2026-02-28 |
| 野村信託銀行株式会社（投信口） | Major shareholder | 1.5% | 2026-02-28 |

## AI commentary（text by AI; the tables above are authoritative、claude-code）

- Revenue for the FY ending Feb 2026 rose +8.0% to ¥341.1B, up from ¥315.7B.
- Gross profit grew +9.8% to ¥130B, yet operating income dropped -12.5% to ¥14.2B and net income dropped -20.1% to ¥8.09B.
- Operating cash flow fell -25.1% to ¥23.2B, and free cash flow shrank to ¥1.39B.

### Drivers

- Bringing in the pet retailer Pets First Holdings and the remodeling company Fresh House as subsidiaries lifted sales and gross profit.
- SG&A climbed on higher restaurant staff costs, the newly added subsidiaries, new store openings, card and QR payment fees, and utility bills.
- Katsuya's existing restaurants sold well, but rising ingredient prices pushed up food costs and squeezed restaurant profit.

### Risks

- Home centers face tough competition from drugstores and discount stores, and shrinking population and online shopping could cut store visits.
- Goodwill from acquisitions could be written down if the expected benefits do not materialize.
- The company relies heavily on borrowing, used partly to fund acquisitions, so higher interest rates would raise its costs.

Cited: Annual Securities Report, 57th fiscal period (Mar 2025 - Feb 2026) (経営者による財政状態、経営成績及びキャッシュ・フローの状況の分析); Annual Securities Report, 57th fiscal period (Mar 2025 - Feb 2026) (事業等のリスク)

## Sources

| Document | ID | Published | URL |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 有価証券報告書－第57期(2025/03/01－2026/02/28) | S100Y5KN | 2026-05-21 | https://disclosure2.edinet-fsa.go.jp/WZEK0040.aspx?S100Y5KN,, |
| 有価証券報告書－第56期(2024/03/01－2025/02/28) | S100VUIS | 2025-05-29 | https://disclosure2.edinet-fsa.go.jp/WZEK0040.aspx?S100VUIS,, |
| 有価証券報告書－第55期(2023/03/01－2024/02/29) | S100TJHP | 2024-05-31 | https://disclosure2.edinet-fsa.go.jp/WZEK0040.aspx?S100TJHP,, |
| 有価証券報告書－第54期(2022/03/01－2023/02/28) | S100QU7M | 2023-05-26 | https://disclosure2.edinet-fsa.go.jp/WZEK0040.aspx?S100QU7M,, |
| 有価証券報告書－第53期(令和3年2月21日－令和4年2月28日) | S100O4DZ | 2022-05-26 | https://disclosure2.edinet-fsa.go.jp/WZEK0040.aspx?S100O4DZ,, |
| 訂正有価証券報告書－第52期(令和2年2月21日－令和3年2月20日) | S100MMGK | 2021-10-18 | https://disclosure2.edinet-fsa.go.jp/WZEK0040.aspx?S100MMGK,, |

## Definitions

- Amounts are in millions of JPY (rounded). The period is stated in each table heading
- Operating margin = operating income ÷ revenue. Net income is attributable to owners of the parent when disclosed
- Free cash flow (FCF) = operating cash flow − capital expenditure
- ¥100 model = breakdown per ¥100 of revenue (rounded so parts sum to 100)
- Segment revenues include inter-segment sales and may not sum to consolidated revenue
- Source IDs are EDINET document IDs (docID). "算出" (derived) means computed from other disclosed values
- All figures are extracted mechanically from filings. AI-written text never generates figures
- Source: company filings submitted to EDINET (Financial Services Agency of Japan). Figures were extracted, edited and processed, and charts and text were created, by Vizora — not by the FSA (used under the Public Data License v1.0).